DENVER -- Every religion has its icon. They are well-known symbols,
easy to reproduce and distribute.
For many American Indians, the eagle is the most sacred religious icon.
The awesome predatory birds are believed to have a special connection
with God. They represent truth, honesty, majesty, courage and wisdom.
The feathers, heads and talons of bald and golden eagles are prized
among almost all North American tribes and are used in religious ceremonies.
But, unlike crosses or images of the Virgin Mary, genuine eagle parts
are not easy to come by. The big birds are federally protected; they
cannot be legally hunted.
The only way Indians can legally obtain eagles is through the National
Eagle Repository, a federally run program in the Denver area.
The repository collects eagles found dead in the wild from as far away
as Alaska, cleans them up and distributes them to Indians throughout
the nation.
"The primary parts are the wings and the tails," said Bernadette
Atencio, who heads the repository. "They are the parts that are
used the most in regalia and creating religious artifacts. The head and
claws would be next."
The repository is a small operation with five employees in a warehouse
on the former Rocky Mountain Arsenal, which is now a wildlife sanctuary.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife agents find dead birds in the wild, put them on
ice and ship them to the center. The repository keeps the birds in freezers
and salvages all usable parts.
"Every tribe is different," Atencio said. "They all have
different uses for different parts, and we cater to all of them."
Indians apply for the eagle parts -- the service is provided at no cost
to the tribes -- and the repository workers ship 25 to 35 orders each
week.
The repository receives more than 3,000 requests for eagles each year
but takes in only about 1,600. The wait for an eagle is usually three
years.
Marjorie Waheneka of Pendleton, Ore., applied for an eagle in 1993.
She received her eagle -- a young bald eagle -- last month. Waheneka,
with roots in the Palouse and Umatilla tribes, says it was worth the
unusual 12-year wait. She put her eagle in the freezer and plans to use
it for several purposes.
"Sometimes we need feathers when there is a death or when there
is a marriage," she said. "They are to be given for education
accomplishments or for services. Also, I have two granddaughters, and
I am happy to have plumes and feathers they can use when they are dancing
at celebrations."
For those who just need only feathers, the wait can be just a few months.
"We have lots of options for other parts if we don't get a whole
bird," Atencio said. "There are a lot of people waiting."
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